Main Article Content
Abstract
BPJS Kesehatan has implemented Service Quality Transformation to enhance service accessibility, speed, and equity for National Health Insurance (JKN) participants. This transformation represents a collaborative effort between BPJS Kesehatan and the broader JKN ecosystem, including the Ministry of Health, Health Professional Associations, and Central and Regional Governments, primarily focusing on JKN participant satisfaction. This research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness level of service quality transformation implementation conducted by BPJS Kesehatan. The study employed quantitative methodology. The research used a population of 10.198 BPJS Kesehatan employees, 244 billion JKN participants, and 7.562 stakeholders (Central and Regional Governments, Professional Associations, and Healthcare Facilities). The analysis of service quality transformation implementation effectiveness encompassed two principal indicators: process indicators and impact/outcome indicators. Survey results indicated that the Service Quality Transformation Process Index achieved 87.40%, while the Service Quality Transformation Impact Index on customer perception reached 90.88%. Additionally, the impact of transformation implementation (TML) on Service Performance was measured at 1.94. This research generated recommendations for continuous improvement in service quality implementation, emphasizing the necessity for ongoing training and enhanced collaboration with stakeholders. These findings are expected to contribute significantly to developing health service policies and practices in Indonesia.
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References
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References
Agustina, R., Dartanto, T., Sitompul, R., Susiloretni, K. A., Suparmi, Achadi, E. L., ... & Khusun, H. (2023). Universal health coverage in Indonesia: Concept, progress, and challenges. The Lancet, 393(10166), 75-102
Arifin, H. A. (2023, September 26). BPJS Kesehatan jadi penggerak transformasi mutu layanan mudah, cepat, setara. Jatim Newsroom. https://kominfo.jatimprov.go.id/berita/bpjs-kesehatan-jadi-penggerak-transformasi-mutu-layanan-mudah-cepat-setara
BPJS Kesehatan. (2024). Konsep, implementasi dan dampak jaminan kesehatan nasional: Perjalanan satu dekade. BPJS Kesehatan
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2019). Reflecting on reflexive thematic analysis. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 11(4), 589–597. https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2019.1628806
Bryman, A. (2016). Social research methods (5th ed.). Oxford University Press
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2016). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (4th ed.). SAGE Publications
Damschroder, L. J., Reardon, C. M., Sperber, N., Robinson, C. H., Fickel, J. J., & Oddone, E. Z. (2019). Implementation and evaluation of the VA DPP clinical demonstration: Protocol for a multi-site non-randomized hybrid effectiveness-implementation type III trial. Implementation Science, 14(1), Article 31. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-019-0875-5
Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2018). The SAGE handbook of qualitative research (5th ed.). SAGE Publications
Endartiwi, S., & Setianingrum, R. (2019). Kualitas pelayanan kesehatan di FKTP dan kepuasan peserta JKN. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 13(2), 123-132
Frimpong, J. A., Helmniak, S., Gupta, S., & Asiedu, K. B. (2021). Supportive supervision as a strategy to improve primary healthcare service quality in sub-Saharan Africa: A qualitative study. BMJ Open, 11(7), Article e042432. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042432
Gagnon, M. P., Simonyan, D., Ghandour, E. K., Godin, G., Labrecque, M., Ouimet, M., & Rousseau, M. (2021). Factors influencing electronic health record adoption by physicians: A multilevel analysis. International Journal of Information Management, 56, Article 102226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102226
Greenhalgh, T., Wherton, J., Papoutsi, C., Lynch, J., Hughes, G., A'Court, C., Shaw, S. (2020). Beyond adoption: A new framework for theorizing and evaluating nonadoption, abandonment, and challenges to the scale-up, spread, and sustainability of health and care technologies. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 19(11), Article e367. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.8775
Hayes, B. E. (2021). Measuring customer satisfaction and loyalty: Survey design, use, and statistical analysis methods. ASQ Quality Press.
Idris, A., Trisnantoro, L., Satriawan, E., & Mukti, A. G. (2017). Kualitas layanan kesehatan dan kepuasan peserta JKN di fasilitas kesehatan. Jurnal Manajemen Pelayanan Kesehatan, 10(1), 45-55
Ivers, N. M., Grimshaw, J. M., Jamtvedt, G., Flottorp, S., O'Brien, M. A., French, S. D., Odgaard-Jensen, J. (2020). Growing literature, stagnant science? Systematic review, meta-regression, and cumulative analysis of audit and feedback interventions in health care. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 29(11), 1534–1541. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-014-2913-y
Jha, A. K., Iliff, A. R., Chaoui, A. A., Defossez, S., Bombaugh, M. C., & Miller, Y. R. (2022). A crisis in health care: A call to action on physician burnout. Massachusetts Medical Society, 1-30
Julianda, Z., & Mochammad, E. (2023). Supply infrastructure financing & kualitas mutu layanan dalam meningkatkan kepuasan peserta JKN. Jurnal Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional, 3(1), 143-155. https://doi.org/10.53756/jjkn.v3i1.146
Kotter, J. P. (2018). Leading change. Harvard Business Review Press
Kotter, J. P., & Cohen, D. S. (2021). The heart of change: Real-life stories of how people change their organizations. Harvard Business Press.
Kruk, M. E., Gage, A. D., Arsenault, C., Jordan, K., Leslie, H. H., Roder-DeWan, S., Pate, M. (2018). High-quality health systems in the Sustainable Development Goals era: Time for a revolution. The Lancet Global Health, 6(11), e1196-e1252. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30386-3
Lewis, L. K., Laster, N., & Kulkarni, V. (2019). Telling them how it will be: Previewing the pain of risky change in initial announcements. Journal of Business Communication, 50(3), 278-308. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021943613487072
Li, X., et al. (2023). Impact of clinical pathway implementation on satisfaction, work engagement, and hospital–patient relationship on quality of care in Chinese nurses. International Nursing Review, 70(1), 12981. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/inr.12981
Maman Saputra. (2015). Analisis pemanfaatan program JKN dalam menyediakan pelayanan kesehatan yang efektif dan efisien. Jurnal Kesehatan.
Mathauer, I., & Imhoff, I. (2021). Health worker motivation in Africa: The role of non-financial incentives and human resource management tools. Human Resources for Health, 4(1), Article 24. https://doi.org/10.1186/1478-4491-4-24
Permana, R. K. H. (2023, October 3). Lakukan transformasi mutu layanan, BPJS Kesehatan beri penghargaan faskes. Malangkota.go.id. https://malangkota.go.id/2023/10/03/luncurkan-transformasi-mutu-layanan-jkn-bpjs-kesehatan-beri-penghargaan-faskes/
Pertiwi, C., Rifdah, A. A., Kartika, P., & Gurning, F. P. (2023). Efektivitas pelaksanaan program JKN di Klinik Adisma Husada Kota Medan. Jurnal Kesehatan Stikes NW
Plano Clark, V. L., & Creswell, J. W. (2015). Understanding research: A consumer's guide (2nd ed.). Pearson Education.
Pronovost, P. J., Cleeman, J. I., Wright, D., & Srinivasan, A. (2021). Fifteen years after To Err is Human: A Success Story to learn from. BMJ Quality & Safety, 25(6), 396–399. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2015-004720
Rowe, A. K., Rowe, S. Y., Peters, D. H., Holloway, K. A., Chalker, J., & Ross-Degnan, D. (2018). Effectiveness of strategies to improve health-care provider practices in low-income and middle-income countries: A systematic review. The Lancet Global Health, 6(11), e1163-e1175. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30398-X
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2020). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68–78. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.68
Schein, E. H. (2019). Organizational culture and leadership (5th ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
Sfantou, D. F., Laliotis, A., Patelarou, A. E., Sifaki-Pistolla, D., Matalliotakis, M., & Patelarou, E. (2017). Importance of leadership style towards quality of care measures in healthcare settings: A systematic review. Healthcare, 5(4), Article 73. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare5040073
Sugiyono. (2016). Metode penelitian pendidikan pendekatan kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta.
West, M. A., Lyubovnikova, J., Eckert, R., & Denis, J. L. (2022). Collective leadership for cultures of high-quality health care. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 1(3), 240-260. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOEPP-07-2014-0039
